Background Microvascular venous hypertension has emerged as a central feature of chronic
venous disease (CVD). Yet, the incidence and severity of peripheral venous hypertension in …

Purpose: We studied factors contributing to ambulatory venous hypertension in patients with
symptoms of chronic venous insufficiency in order to delineate the contribution of each to …

Background Ambulatory venous pressure (AMVP) records pressure dynamics with calf
exercise. Air plethysmography (APG) measures related volume detail. APG has been …

Objectives Reflux assessment with ultrasound (U/S) is usually qualitative. Quantitative
measurements of superficial venous insufficiency (SVI) include the venous arterial flow …

BACKGROUND: Lower extremity chronic venous disease is due to venous hypertension
resulting from reflux and/or obstruction. Studies of venous valvular function have validated …

Background Quantification of reflux is desirable in advanced chronic venous disease as
clinical features are based on its adverse impact on ambulatory venous pressure (AMVP) …

Background Deep venous reflux (DVR) is often a poorly defined clinical entity. The extent of
DVR that must occur for it to be clinically and hemodynamically important is not clear and is …

Objective: To quantify venous reflux by a standard duplex ultrasound technique and
correlate the data obtained with clinical grades of severity of venous disease. Design: A …

Chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) of the lower extremities manifests itself in various clinical
spectrums, ranging from asymptomatic but cosmetic problems to severe symptoms, such as …

Purpose: This study was undertaken to examine the role of superficial and deep venous
reflux, as defined by duplex-derived valve closure times (VCTs), in the pathogenesis of …