Our understanding of cancer has greatly advanced since Nordling [Nordling CO (1953) Br J
Cancer 7 (1): 68–72] and Armitage and Doll [Armitage P, Doll R (1954) Br J Cancer 8 (1): 1 …

Age is the single most important prognostic factor in the development of many cancers. The
major reason for this age-dependence is thought to be the progressive accumulation of …

By the time the process of oncogenesis has produced an advanced cancer, tumor cells have
undergone extensive evolution. The cellular phenotypes resulting from this evolution have …

Aging represents the major risk factor for the development of cancer and many other
diseases. Recent findings show that normal tissues become riddled with expanded clones …

The origin and progression of cancer is widely viewed as “somatic evolution” driven by the
accumulation of random genetic changes. This theoretical model, however, neglects …

Popular understanding holds that genetic changes create cancer. James DeGregori uses
evolutionary principles to propose a new way of thinking about cancerÕs occurrence …

A widely accepted paradigm in cancer research holds that the development of cancers is
rate limited by the occurrence of oncogenic mutations. In particular, the exponential rise in …

Cancer is driven by the somatic evolution of cell lineages that have escaped controls on
replication and by the population-level evolution of genes that influence cancer risk. We …

Cancer has long been viewed as a genetic disease of cumulative mutations. This notion is
fuelled by studies showing that ageing tissues are often riddled with clones of complex …

An evolutionary perspective can help unify disparate observations and make testable
predictions. We consider an evolutionary model in relation to two mechanistic frameworks of …