Although more and more cases of breakdown of the 1: 1 partner specificity are being
documented, figs and their pollinating fig wasps constitute perhaps the most tightly …

The fig-fig-pollinating wasp symbiosis provides a model system for investigating the
mutualistic interaction between plants and animals. A simple one-to-one rule was proposed …

In the fig-fig wasp reciprocal mutualism, understanding mechanisms of coexistence between
pollinating wasps and non-pollinating wasps is an important and relevant topic. Niche …

Background The obligate mutualism between fig trees (Ficus, Moraceae) and pollinating fig
wasps (Agaonidae) is a model system for studying co-evolution due to its perceived extreme …

The fig-fig wasp mutualism has long been considered strictly species-specific. However,
more and more cases of breakdown in the one-to-one rule are being documented. Here, we …

Aims Most pollinator fig wasps are host plant specific, with each species only breeding in the
figs of one fig tree species, but increasing numbers of species are known to be pollinated by …

Background Symbiotic relationships have contributed to major evolutionary innovations, the
maintenance of fundamental ecosystem functions, and the generation and maintenance of …

In order to understand the nature and intensity of interactions between non-pollinating fig
wasps and fig-pollinator mutualist wasps, and consequently shed light on why they coexist …

Theory identifies factors that can undermine the evolutionary stability of mutualisms.
However, theory's relevance to mutualism stability in nature is controversial. Detailed …

Although species specificity between fig trees and their pollinators has been considered a
classic example of obligate mutualism, increasing exceptions to the one‐to‐one relationship …