Background Our aim was to calculate the global burden of disease and risk factors for 2001,
to examine regional trends from 1990 to 2001, and to provide a starting point for the analysis …

Background Healthy life expectancy (HALE) and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs)
provide summary measures of health across geographies and time that can inform …

Background Countries have agreed to reduce premature mortality (defined as the probability
of dying between the ages of 30 years and 70 years) from four main non-communicable …

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide and a major public health
concern. Therefore, its risk assessment is crucial to many existing treatment guidelines. 1 …

Background Detailed assessments of mortality by occupation are scarce. We aimed to
assess mortality by occupation in the UK, differences in rates between England and Wales …

Background While there is a long history of measuring death and disability from injuries,
modern research methods must account for the wide spectrum of disability that can occur in …

1.1 Background A consistent and comparative description of the burden of diseases and
injuries, and the risk factors that cause them, is an important input to health decision-making …

Background Japan has entered the era of super-ageing and advanced health transition,
which is increasingly putting pressure on the sustainability of its health system. The level …

Background Assessments of age-specific mortality and life expectancy have been done by
the UN Population Division, Department of Economics and Social Affairs (UNPOP), the …

Background Regular, detailed reporting on population health by underlying cause of death
is fundamental for public health decision making. Cause-specific estimates of mortality and …