Physicians who treat chronic pain using opioids recognize that patients vary considerably in
their responses to medications and painful stimuli. An increasing body of scientific literature …

Genetic research heralds a new therapeutic approach to pain management. Increasing
literature demonstrates individual genetic vulnerabilities to specific pain types and …

Genomic variations influencing response to pharmacotherapy of pain are currently under
investigation. Drug-metabolizing enzymes represent a major target of ongoing research in …

Pain embodies a complex sensory experience influenced by a medley of biological,
psychological, and genetic. Pain perception can be classed into four main categories …

Pharmacotherapy, which remains the cornerstone of chronic pain management, includes
analgesics such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), the more potent opioids …

Pharmacogenetic therapy in pain patients requires consideration of 2 different genetic
substrates to determine the outcome of pharmacotherapy. The first is the genetic contribution …

Pain is a common symptom that can be complex to treat. Analgesic medications are the
mainstay treatment, but there is wide interindividual variability in analgesic response and …

Chronic pain affects almost every fourth adult individual and is connected with suffering and
reduced quality of life. The pain treatment relies on two drug classes: non-steroidal anti …

Pharmacogenomics is the study of genetic variants that impact drug effects through changes
in a drug's pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. Pharmacogenomics is being …

Objective: To provide an overview of clinical recommendations regarding genomic medicine
relating to pain management and opioid use disorder. Data Sources: A literature review was …