Mental model is a term that has been discussed in three contexts:(1) how mental models are
understood in cognitive psychology,(2) how learners learn in science subjects, and (3) how …

Mental simulation represents how a person interprets and understands the causal relations
associated with the perceived information, and it is considered an important cognitive device …

The use of active learning pedagogies, as well as research into their effectiveness, has
increased greatly the past few decades. These pedagogies typically depend on student-to …

Successful innovation processes require communication between different disciplines, such
as mechanical and electrical engineering or software development. However, such …

Many studies have illuminated our understanding of the kinds of competencies and
behaviors exhibited by effective designers. Against the backdrop of global challenges made …

Today's innovation processes are interdisciplinary and require communication between
stakeholders from different domains. The compatibility of mental models, which determine …

A focus of engineering education is to prepare future engineers with problem solving, design
and modeling skills. In engineering education, the former two skill areas have received …

The transfer of experience is a great challenge in design education and several approaches
support this transfer process. Students gain their own experience in educational project …

Elicited student mental models reveal students' understanding of a given system as well as
their ability to communicate knowledge of that system to others. Understanding how students …

The ability to understand complexity and think holistically about systems is an increasingly
important part of engineering design. This is embodied in the concept of systems thinking, a …