Introduction Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the global leading causes of morbidity
and mortality in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. Vascular calcification (VC) is a major …

Vascular calcification (VC) is one of the major causes of cardiovascular morbidity and
mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). VC is a complex process expressing …

Patients with CKD have accelerated vascular stiffening contributing significantly to excess
cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Much of the arterial stiffening is thought to involve …

Chronic kidney disease is a devastating condition resulting from irreversible loss of nephron
numbers and function and leading to end-stage renal disease and mineral disorders …

Introduction Vascular calcification (VC) which is the pathological mineral deposition in the
vascular system, predominantly at the intimal and medial layer of the vessel wall, is an …

Vascular calcification (VC) is recognized as a pathological vascular disorder associated with
various diseases, such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, aortic valve stenosis, coronary …

Background: Vascular calcification (VC) is common in patients with chronic kidney disease
(CKD) including end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The pathogenesis of VC is complex …

Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are highly susceptible to cardiovascular (CV)
complications, thus suffering from clinical manifestations such as heart failure and stroke. CV …

Cardiovascular (CV) disease remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality for
patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Although clustering of traditional risk factors with …

Vascular calcification (VC) is a life-threatening state in chronic kidney disease (CKD). High
cardiovascular mortality and morbidity of CKD cases may root from medial VC promoted by …