In opioid addicted patients, respiratory regulation adapts allowing intake of otherwise lethal
dosages of opioids. In contrast, little is known about cardiovascular regulation during chronic …

The endogenous opioids have been implicated as contributing factors to the cardiovascular
dysfunction of shock. Opiate receptor antagonists improve cardiovascular function and long …

Central hypovolemia elicited by orthostasis or hemorrhage triggers sympathetically-
mediated baroreflex responses to maintain organ perfusion; these reflexes are less sensitive …

IMPLICATIONS: Our findings suggest that spinally-administered morphine provides a
previously unrecognized cardioprotective benefit. In anesthetized rats subjected to ischemia …

Bleeding volume during standardized hemorrhagic hypotension was studied in
anesthetized, artificially ventilated rats after specific stimulation or blockade of opiate …

Central hypovolemia elicited by application of lower body negative pressure (LBNP) has
been used extensively to simulate hemorrhage in human subjects. Traditional LBNP …

Activation of sympathetic efferent traffic is essential to maintaining adequate arterial
pressures during reductions of central blood volume. Sympathetic baroreflex gain may be …

The endogenous catecholamine response to hemorrhagic hypotension is poorly defined
since most data have been derived from experiments in lower animal species. To clarify this …

The opiate antagonist, naloxone, was infused at 8 mg x kg-1 x h-1 in cats to determine its
effect in hemorrhagic shock. Hemorrhaged cats treated with naloxone maintained …

We measured various hemodynamic responses and muscle sympathetic nerve activity
(MSNA) in human subjects during a graded lower-body negative pressure (LBNP) protocol …