Acutely ill patients typically present with low circulating T3 and increased reverse T3. When
illness is severe and prolonged, also pulsatile TSH secretion and circulating T4 levels are …

During critical illness, patients with no known history of thyroid disorders may experience
multiple alterations in their serum thyroid hormone levels. Such alterations have been …

Context: Pronounced alterations in serum thyroid hormone levels occur during critical
illness. T3 decreases and rT3 increases, the magnitudes of which are related to the severity …

In severe illness, profound changes occur in the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis. The
observed decrease in serum concentration of both thyroid hormones and thyrotropin (TSH) …

333 november 2 0 0 9, vol. 6 7, no 1 0 hormone (TRH) is released which stimulates the
pituitary to secrete thyroid-stimulating hormone (thyrotropin or TSH). TSH in turn drives the …

Background: Critically ill patients typically present with low or low-normal plasma thyroxine,
low plasma triiodothyronine (T3), increased plasma reverse T3 (rT3) concentrations, in the …

The non-thyroidal illness syndrome (NTIS) refers to changes in serum thyroid hormone
levels observed in critically ill patients in the absence of hypothalamic–pituitary–thyroid …

The thyroid gland produces hormones that primarily regulate cellular metabolism, have wide-
ranging pleiotropic effects, and are essential for life. During critical illness, the most active …

In critically ill patients, pronounced alterations in the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis
occur without any evidence for thyroid disease. T3 decreases and rT3 increases within a few …

Thyroid hormone abnormalities are common in critically ill patients. For over three decades,
a mild form of these abnormalities has been described in patients with several diseases …