Spatiotemporal variation in the degree of melanism is often considered in the context of
thermal adaptation, melanism being advantageous under suboptimal thermal conditions …

The vast diversity of animal coloration is generated through a combination of pigment and
structural colors. These colors can greatly influence the fitness and life history of an …

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses crypsis or camouflage, which insects uses for
survival from predators that hunt them by sight. An insect that is perfectly camouflaged is …

The tropical butterfly, Bicyclus anynana, exhibits seasonal polyphenism. The wet season
form has large eyespots and a pale band while these characters are much less conspicuous …

Many extratropical pierine butterflies are multivoltine and have both seasonal phenotypes
and facultative diapause under photoperiodic control. Studies of univoltine-monophenic …

WATT, Ward Belfield, 1940 Page 1 This dissertation has been microfilmed exactly as received
68-6866 WATT, Ward Belfield, 1940THE WING PIGMENTS OF CQLIAS BUTTERFLIES: A …

We studied the effect of morphological variation and basking posture on thermal
characteristics in the speckled wood butterfly Pararge aegeria (L.). The process of heating …

The butterfly Colias eurytheme requires body temperatures above 30° C for flight. When
cold, it orients its exposed wing undersides to present maximum surface area to sunlight; …

Recently a large number of studies have reported an increase in the variability in the
climate, which affects behavioural and physiological adaptations in a broad range of …

A subtropical population of Eurema hecabe showed seasonal changes in wing-colour
pattern (summer and autumn morphs). In field studies conducted in Honshu, Japan, the …