Fish benefit energetically when swimming in groups, which is reflected in lower tail-beat
frequencies for maintaining a given speed. Recent studies further show that fish save the …

The hydrodynamics of schooling fish has been the subject of continued investigation over
the last 50 years; fish schools exhibit a variety of arrangements and several distinct …

Schooling in fish is linked to a number of factors such as increased foraging success,
predator avoidance, and social interactions. In addition, a prevailing hypothesis is that …

Fish in nature are believed to favor their swimming performance by swimming in a school.
We investigated numerically the thrust and power consumption of a school of fish with an …

A potential benefit of swimming together in coordinated schools is to allow fish to extract
energy from vortices shed by their neighbours, thus reducing the costs of locomotion. This …

Fish in schooling formations navigate complex flow fields replete with mechanical energy in
the vortex wakes of their companions. Their schooling behavior has been associated with …

Fish schooling is a common phenomenon that is assumed to have energy advantages, and
various fish schooling configurations have been observed. However, the underlying …

The physical basis for fish schooling is examined using three-dimensional numerical
simulations of a pair of swimming fish, with kinematics and geometry obtained from …

Fish schools are ubiquitous in marine life. Although flow interactions are thought to be
beneficial for schooling, their exact effects on the speed, energetics and stability of the group …

It has long been proposed that animals flying in the air and swimming in the water could
extract energy from neighbour-induced flows. A large number of mechanisms have been …