Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disease with motor and non-motor symptoms. In
Parkinson's disease, a neurotransmitter imbalance occurs in the extrapyramidal system with …

In Parkinson's disease a dopaminergic/cholinergic and a GABAergic/glutaminergic
neurotransmitter imbalance occurs in the extrapyramidal system. Here, in this system, we …

Parkinson's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disease of the basal ganglia.
Pathologically, it is characterized by continuous dopaminergic cell loss in the nigrostriatal …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is histologically characterized by the accumulation of α-synuclein
particles, known as Lewy bodies. The second most common neurodegenerative disorder …

This collection presents an array of articles addressing the non-dopaminergic mechanisms
in Parkinson's disease (PD). The dopaminergic system has been the main focus for almost …

The basal ganglia circuitry processes the signals that flow from the cortex, allowing the
correct execution of voluntary movements. In Parkinson's disease, the degeneration of …

The neural mechanism of parkinsonian motor symptoms, ie, rigidity, tremor and akinesia,
which are the result of nigrostriatal dopamine deficiency, is interpreted from long-term …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease with a rapidly increasing
incidence and prevalence. Although it affects more than 6 million people worldwide, it is …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by two different types, a benign form found in 85%
of patients and a malignant type in 15%. Computer tomography shows malignant patients, in …

The main histopathological hallmarks of Parkinson's disease (PD) are the degeneration of
the dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra pars compacta and the loss of …