Abstract Parkinson's disease (PD), a common human neurodegenerative disorder, is
characterized by the presence of intraneuronal Lewy bodies composed principally of …

The dopaminergic neurodegeneration in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) and
striatum of the midbrain is the important pathological feature of Parkinson's disease (PD). It …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons
within the substantia nigra compacta (SNpc) which leads to the behavioral dysfunction. In …

Aims Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disease typically
associated with the accumulation of α-synuclein. Autophagy impairment is thought to be …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a severe neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the loss
of brain dopaminergic neurons. Beside pharmacologic and symptomatic treatment of PD the …

Methamphetamine (METH) is a potent psychomotor stimulant that has a high potential for
abuse in humans. In addition, it is neurotoxic, especially in dopaminergic neurons. Long …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex neurodegenerative disease that is prevalent around
the world. Both Apelin-13 and proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ)/PPARγ co-activator …

Apelin-13 is a novel endogenous ligand for an angiotensin-like orphan G-protein coupled
receptor, and it may be neuroprotective against cerebral ischemia injury. However, the …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons
in the substantia nigra pars compacta. Several brain–gut peptides are able to exert …

Background Neuroinflammation and oxidative stress play important roles in early brain
injury following subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). This study is the first to show that …