Background HIV-1 viruses are categorized into four distinct groups: M, N, O and P. Despite
the same genomic organization, only the group M viruses are responsible for the world-wide …

Simian immunodeficiency viruses (SIVs) use their Nef proteins to counteract the restriction
factor tetherin. However, a deletion in human tetherin prevents antagonism by the Nef …

Background A new subgroup of HIV-1, designated Group P, was recently detected in two
unrelated patients of Cameroonian origin. HIV-1 Group P phylogenetically clusters with …

Although Nef is the viral gene product used by most simian immunodeficiency viruses to
overcome restriction by tetherin, this activity was acquired by the Vpu protein of HIV-1 group …

HIV-1 groups M and N emerged within the last century following two independent cross-
species transmissions of SIVcpz from chimpanzees to humans. In contrast to pandemic …

Tetherin, also known as BST-2/CD317/HM1. 24, is an antiviral cellular protein that inhibits
the release of HIV-1 particles from infected cells. HIV-1 viral protein U (Vpu) is a specific …

Background The interferon-inducible factor BST-2/tetherin blocks the release of nascent
virions from the surface of infected cells for certain enveloped virus families. The primate …

Background The anti-viral activity of the cellular restriction factor, BST-2/tetherin, was first
observed as an ability to block the release of Vpu-minus HIV-1 from the surface of infected …

Tetherin/BST-2 is a host-encoded protein that restricts a wide diversity of viruses at the stage
of virion release. However, viruses have evolved antagonists of Tetherin, including the Vpu …

Zoonosis of chimpanzee simian immunodeficiency virus cpz to humans has given rise to
both pandemic (M) and non-pandemic (O, N and P) groups of human immunodeficiency …