Objectives Diabetes mellitus (DM) in pregnancy and gestational diabetes remain a
considerable cause of pregnancy complications, and fetal macrosomia is among them …

Objective: to estimate the association between intrauterine fetal growth, evaluated by
anthropometric measurements, and biochemical growth factors; IGF-I and IGBP-1 among …

The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) is involved in the regulation of growth and metabolism.
The aim of this study was to determine selected parameters of IGF system at systemic and …

Objective Attributable to the insulin‐like growth factor (IGF) axis involvement in fetal growth
regulation, possible contribution of the maternal IGF axis to antenatal fetal macrosomia …

Aim: No data on IGF-1 and either preterm or preeclampsia have been reported so far in
diabetic pregnancies. We evaluated consecutive measurements of IGF-1 for preeclampsia …

Objective The insulin like growth factor (IGF) system plays a key role in regulating fetal
growth, is metabolically regulated, and may influence development of increased birth weight …

Context: It remains uncertain whether maternal IGF-I is associated with fetal growth. Little is
known about the role of maternal IGF-II in fetal growth and whether IGF-I or IGF-II is …

Objective: Fetal macrosomia is a common complication of maternal diabetes mellitus and is
associated with substantial morbidity, but the precise cellular and molecular mechanisms …

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), defined as impaired glucose tolerance
with onset or first recognition in pregnancy, increases the risk of not only maternal but also …

To evaluate the role of insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) and IGF-binding proteins (IGFBPs)
in exessive fetal growth (macrosomia) in diabetic pregnancy, 84 insulin-treated diabetic …