Thyroid hormones (THs) regulate a number of metabolic processes during pregnancy. After
implantation, the placenta forms and enhances embryonic growth and development …

Thyroid hormones are vital for the proper functioning of the female reproductive system,
since they modulate the metabolism and development of ovarian, uterine, and placental …

Thyroid function affects multiple sites of the female hypothalamic-pituitary gonadal (HPG)
axis. Disruption of thyroid function has been linked to reproductive dysfunction in women …

The thyroid hormone, 3, 3, 5-triiodo-l-thyronine (T3), modulates several physiological
processes, including cellular growth, differentiation, metabolism, inflammation and …

BACKGROUND Implantation and early embryo development are finely regulated processes
in which several molecules are involved. Evidence that thyroid hormones (TH: T4 and T3) …

Thyroid disease often causes menstrual disturbances and infertility problems. Thyroid
hormone (TH) acts through its receptors, transcription factors present in most cell types in the …

Thyroid diseases are very common in women of reproductive age. The aim of this study was
to review the current evidence on physiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis and management …

Thyroid hormones act systemically to control metabolism. Because function of the thyroid
gland is under the control of the hypothalamo-pituitary axis, changes in thyroid function can …

Thyroid hormones (THs) play an essential role in ensuring normal fetal development,
particularly that of the central nervous system. Before 16weeks gestation, the fetus relies …

Pregnancy is a complex state with many endocrinological challenges to a woman's
physiology. Gestational Hypothyroidism (GHT) is an emerging condition where insufficiency …