Cognition may decline after surgery. Postoperative delirium, especially when hyperactive,
may be easily recognised, whereas cognitive dysfunction is subtle and can only be detected …

Aging is associated with normal and abnormal brain structural and neuropsychological
changes. Due to the expected increase in older adults requiring surgery, perioperative …

Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is an objectively measured decline in cognition
postoperatively compared with preoperative function. POCD has been considered in the …

Background Cognitive dysfunction after surgery includes delirium and postoperative
cognitive dysfunction. Important risk factors for these include increased age and pre-existing …

Background Postoperative delirium and cognitive dysfunction are frequent phenomena in
older patients; however, few studies have examined the temporal relationship between …

Advanced age in surgical patients is accompanied by lifealtering and costly complications.
This challenge is keenly felt in high-income countries, where the mean age for elective …

Background Presurgical cognitive impairment (PreCI) is frequently seen in older age, but the
influence on postoperative delirium (POD) and postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) …

Background: Cognitive training is beneficial in various clinical settings, although its
perioperative feasibility and impact remain unknown. The objective of this pilot study was to …

Background Perioperative neurocognitive disorder includes postoperative cognitive
dysfunction (POCD) and postoperative delirium (POD). Concerning inconclusive …

Background Postoperative delirium is a common postsurgical complication in older patients
and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. The objective of this study was to …