Background The aim of the present study was to estimate the benchmark doses (BMD) for
renal effects for health risk assessment of residents living in Cd-polluted and non-polluted …

Background Environmental factors have been associated with the outbreak of chronic
kidney disease (CKD). We evaluated the association of Cadmium (Cd) exposure with the …

The growing number of reports indicating unfavorable outcomes for human health upon
environmental exposure to cadmium (Cd) have focused attention on the threat to the general …

Cadmium is a well-known nephrotoxicant; chronic exposure increases risk for chronic
kidney disease. Recently, however, associations between urine cadmium and higher …

Objective To investigate the effects of chronic non-occupational exposure to cadmium (Cd)
on renal injury in residents living in the urban areas of China. Methods In this cross-sectional …

Abstract Background Environmental lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) pollution has been
considered a risk factor in the etiology of kidney stones. However, the association between …

Background Previous studies have found associations between single toxic metals, such as
arsenic and cadmium, and kidney function in adults with diabetes. However, studies with …

Mechanisms underlying abnormal uric acid (UA) levels from exposure to toxic
metals/metalloids have not been not fully elucidated, especially in the context of mixtures …

Abstract Backgrounds Nickel (Ni) is a ubiquitous heavy metal, but epidemiological studies
on the association between Ni and kidney function are limited and controversial. Aim We …

Arsenic and cadmium are important inorganic toxicants in the environment. Humans
certainly have the potential to be exposed to the mixtures of arsenic and cadmium, but the …