Urine used as a biomarker was collected and compared between two groups of
participants:(1) a groundwater-drinking group and (2) a non-groundwater-drinking group in …

Positive associations between urine toxicant levels and measures of glomerular filtration
rate (GFR) have been reported recently in a range of populations. The explanation for these …

Advances in proteomics have led to the identification of sensitive urinary biomarkers of renal
dysfunction that are increasingly used in toxicology and epidemiology. Recent animal data …

The kidney is widely regarded as the critical organ for cadmium toxicity, however,
considerable uncertainty remains regarding the clinical significance of the renal effects of …

Purpose The association between the intake of trace metals and the risk of incident stones
has not been longitudinally investigated. Materials and Methods We performed a …

Associations between plasma elements and chronic kidney disease (CKD) among the
elderly are poorly understood. In this cross-sectional study, we explored the associations …

Environmental exposure to moderate-to-high levels of cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) is
associated with nephrotoxicity. In comparison, the health impacts of chronic low-level …

Objectives Our goal in this study was to explore the use of a hybrid approach to calculate
benchmark doses (BMDs) and their 95% lower confidence bounds (BMDLs) for renal effects …

Background Cadmium exposure has been associated with increased all-cause, cancer, and
cardiovascular disease mortality. However, studies investigating this association have …

Background: Associations between cadmium (Cd) and kidney function have been reported
even at low levels of exposure in the general population. Recently, the causality of these …