Normal physiological changes of pregnancy warrant the need to employ gestation specific
reference ranges for the interpretation of thyroid function tests. Thyroid hormones play …

The prevalence of overt and subclinical hypothyroidism during pregnancy is estimated to be
0.3–0.5% and 2–3%, respectively. Thyroid autoantibodies are found in 5–18% of women in …

The subject of thyroid disease in pregnancy is receiving increasing attention from many
scientific disciplines. Thyroid function in pregnancy is characterised by a T4 surge at 12 …

Thyroid hormones are essential for an adequate growth and development of the fetus. In
addition to the classical association between maternal hypothyroidism and neurological …

Evaluation of thyroid status in pregnancy requires an understanding of pregnancy-
associated changes in thyroid function tests and how they vary by trimester. The spectrum of …

Pregnancy has variable effects on thyroid hormone concentrations throughout pregnancy as
well as being associated with goiter. The latter is largely preventable by ensuring optimal …

Guideline advice of many societies on the management of subclinical hypothyroidism in
pregnancy suggests treatment when TSH serum levels exceed 2.5 mU/l. Justification of this …

Pregnancy has a profound impact on the thyroid gland and thyroid function. The gland
increases 10% in size during pregnancy in iodine-replete countries and by 20%–40% in …

The negative impact of even subtle maternal thyroid hormone deficiency on pregnancy
outcome and intellectual development of progeny has been known for many years but …

This guideline has been produced as the official statement of the European Thyroid
Association guideline committee. Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) in pregnancy is defined …