Introduction: Asthma-chronic obstructive pulmonary disease overlap syndrome (ACOS) is a
disease phenotype that shares T helper lymphocyte cell Th1/neutrophilic/non-Type-2 …

ABSTRACT Introduction According to Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) guidelines, long-
acting muscarinic antagonists (LAMAs) should be considered as add-on therapy in patients …

Introduction Patients with asthma-chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) overlap
(ACO) present with chronic respiratory symptoms with features of both asthma and COPD …

Purpose Asthma-chronic obstructive pulmonary disease overlap (ACO), characterized by
airway limitation, is an important condition with high incidence and mortality. Although some …

Background Recently, the addition of inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) to long-acting muscarinic
antagonist (LAMA) and long-acting beta-agonist (LABA) combination therapy has been …

Prescribing data for Europe show a shift from inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) prescribed
alone or in free combination with long-acting β2-agonists (LABAs) to fixed-dose single …

Large surveillance studies or phase IV clinical studies of long-acting β-agonists (LABA)
compared with placebo in asthma patients using variable (from nil to regular) doses of …

Introduction Inhaled corticosteroid/long-acting β2-adrenoceptor agonist/long-acting
muscarinic antagonist (ICS/LABA/LAMA) fixed-dose combination (FDC) is currently …

The natural disease course of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is often
punctuated by exacerbations: acute events of symptom worsening associated with …

The present issue of Immunology & Allergy Clinics will provide an update on the
aforementioned considerations about ACO. It will not only report current knowledge on ACO …