Enthalpy efficiency of the soleus muscle contributes to improvements in running economy

S Bohm, F Mersmann, A Santuz… - Proceedings of the …, 2021 - royalsocietypublishing.org
During human running, the soleus, as the main plantar flexor muscle, generates the majority
of the mechanical work through active shortening. The fraction of chemical energy that is …

The force–length–velocity potential of the human soleus muscle is related to the energetic cost of running

S Bohm, F Mersmann, A Santuz… - Proceedings of the …, 2019 - royalsocietypublishing.org
According to the force–length–velocity relationships, the muscle force potential is
determined by the operating length and velocity, which affects the energetic cost of …

Muscle-specific economy of force generation and efficiency of work production during human running

S Bohm, F Mersmann, A Santuz, A Schroll… - Elife, 2021 - elifesciences.org
Human running features a spring-like interaction of body and ground, enabled by elastic
tendons that store mechanical energy and facilitate muscle operating conditions to minimize …

Increasing the midsole bending stiffness of shoes alters gastrocnemius medialis muscle function during running

S Cigoja, JR Fletcher, M Esposito, DJ Stefanyshyn… - Scientific Reports, 2021 - nature.com
In recent years, increasing the midsole bending stiffness (MBS) of running shoes by
embedding carbon fibre plates in the midsole resulted in many world records set during long …

Can muscle shortening alone, explain the energy cost of muscle contraction in vivo?

JR Fletcher, EM Groves, TR Pfister… - European Journal of …, 2013 - Springer
Purpose Decreased whole-body energy cost of running has been associated with an
increased Achilles tendon stiffness. It is usually assumed that this lower energy cost can be …

Tendon elastic strain energy in the human ankle plantar-flexors and its role with increased running speed

A Lai, AG Schache, YC Lin… - Journal of Experimental …, 2014 - journals.biologists.com
The human ankle plantar-flexors, the soleus and gastrocnemius, utilize tendon elastic strain
energy to reduce muscle fiber work and optimize contractile conditions during running …

Cyclically producing the same average muscle-tendon force with a smaller duty increases metabolic rate

ON Beck, J Gosyne, JR Franz… - Proceedings of the …, 2020 - royalsocietypublishing.org
Ground contact duration and stride frequency each affect muscle metabolism and help
scientists link walking and running biomechanics to metabolic energy expenditure. While …

Stretching your energetic budget: how tendon compliance affects the metabolic cost of running

TK Uchida, JL Hicks, CL Dembia, SL Delp - PloS one, 2016 - journals.plos.org
Muscles attach to bones via tendons that stretch and recoil, affecting muscle force
generation and metabolic energy consumption. In this study, we investigated the effect of …

Human ankle plantar flexor muscle–tendon mechanics and energetics during maximum acceleration sprinting

A Lai, AG Schache, NAT Brown… - Journal of the Royal …, 2016 - royalsocietypublishing.org
Tendon elastic strain energy is the dominant contributor to muscle–tendon work during
steady-state running. Does this behaviour also occur for sprint accelerations? We used …

Running biomechanics: shorter heels, better economy

MN Scholz, MF Bobbert, AJ Van Soest… - Journal of …, 2008 - journals.biologists.com
Better running economy (ie a lower rate of energy consumption at a given speed) is
correlated with superior distance running performance. There is substantial variation in …