Bioavailability‐based approaches have been developed for the regulation of metals in
freshwaters in several countries. Empirical multiple linear regression (MLR) models have …

There has been an increased emphasis on incorporating bioavailability‐based approaches
into freshwater guideline value derivations for metals in the Australian and New Zealand …

Bioavailability has been taken into account in the regulation of nickel in freshwater
ecosystems in Europe for over a decade; during that time a significant amount of new …

The primary goal of the present study is to provide a broad view of best practices for
evaluating bioavailability models for metals for use in the protection of aquatic life. We …

An increasing number of metal bioavailability models are available for use in setting
regulations and conducting risk assessments in aquatic systems. Selection of the most …

Bioavailability models, for example, multiple linear regressions (MLRs) of water quality
parameters, are increasingly being used to develop bioavailability‐based water quality …

Abstract The European Water Framework Directive prescribes that the environmental quality
standards for nickel in surface waters should be based on bioavailable concentrations …

Australian freshwaters have relatively low water hardness and different calcium (Ca) to
magnesium (Mg) ratios compared with those in Europe. The hardness values of a …

Toxicity‐modifying factors can be modeled either empirically with linear regression models
or mechanistically, such as with the biotic ligand model (BLM). The primary factors affecting …

The importance of considering the bioavailability of metals in understanding and assessing
their toxicity in freshwaters has been recognized for many years. Currently, biotic ligand …