Introduction Most guidelines recommend long-acting bronchodilators over short-acting
bronchodilators for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The …

Background and aim Long-acting bronchodilators are the preferred option for maintenance
therapy of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The aim of this …

In this review, we summarize the rationale for combining long-acting bronchodilators in the
management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and the evidence for the …

The effectiveness and safety of fixed dual long-acting bronchodilators for chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease (COPD) patients have been well established; however, there is a paucity …

Background Addition of a second bronchodilator from a different pharmacological class may
benefit patients with moderate-to-severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) …

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the result of persistent and progressive
pathologic abnormalities in the small airways, most often associated with alveolar loss …

Introduction: In COPD, the long-acting bronchodilators are not always able to provide an
appropriate bronchodilator effect in terms of amplitude and duration and this can result in …

The international guidelines on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) recommend
inhaled bronchodilators for maintenance treatment of the disease. These drugs include β2 …

Background The bronchodilator response to short-acting β 2-agonist and short-acting
muscarinic antagonist monotherapies varies on a day-to-day basis within individual patients …

Background Clinicians are faced with an increasingly difficult choice regarding the optimal
bronchodilator for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) given the …