STUDY QUESTION Does in utero exposure to constituents of cigarette smoke have a
programming effect on daughters' age of menarche and markers of long-term reproductive …

Maternal smoking during pregnancy constitutes a potential, major risk factor for adult male
reproductive function. In the hitherto largest longitudinal cohort, we examined biomarkers of …

Background Most of the women who smoke before pregnancy continue smoking during
pregnancy, and some start to quit smoking after being pregnant, although existing …

Background: Maternal smoking during pregnancy is associated with pre-term birth,
intrauterine growth retardation, a small head circumference, a low Apgar score at 5 min and …

Maternal cigarette smoking may affect the intrauterine hormonal environment during
pregnancy and this early fetal exposure may have detrimental effects on the future trajectory …

BACKGROUND Animal studies have shown that in utero exposure to chemicals in tobacco
smoke reduces female fertility, but epidemiological findings have been inconsistent …

BACKGROUND Whether in utero exposure to tobacco smoke increases a woman's risk of
fetal loss later in life is unknown, though data on childhood exposure suggest an association …

This review summarizes the epidemiology and consequences of maternal smoking in
pregnancy, with emphasis on the adverse effects on birth outcomes. In developed countries …

The potential effects of cigarette smoke exposure on reproductive outcomes are a major
scientific and public health concern, as evidenced by the myriad of published studies on …

Aims To assess whether associations between maternal smoking during pregnancy and
offspring smoking initiation are due to intrauterine mechanisms. Design Comparison of …