Background A cross-sectional study evaluated the cytokines, chemokines and leukotrienes
profiles as possible biomarkers of progression to HTLV-1 associated myelopathy (HAM) …

Human T-lymphotropic virus 1, a member of the Retroviridae family, causes a neglected,
silent, persistent infection affecting circa 5 to 10 million people around the world, with …

Co‐infections with HIV‐1 and the human T leukemia virus types 1 and 2 (HTLV‐1, HTLV‐2)
occur frequently, particularly in large metropolitan areas where injection drug use is a …

Background: In the last 10 years, co-infection of human immunodeficiency virus/human T-
cell leukemia virus-1 (HIV/HTLV-1) has emerged as a worldwide health problem. These …

Abstract HTLV–1/HIV-1 co-infection is associated with severe clinical manifestations,
marked immunodeficiency, and opportunistic pathogenic infections, as well as risk behavior …

Background Survival of people with HIV-2 and HTLV-1 infection is better than that of HIV-1
infected people, but long-term follow-up data are rare. We compared mortality rates of HIV-1 …

People living with HIV-1 and HTLV-2 concomitantly show slower CD4+ T cell depletion and
AIDS progression, more frequency of the natural control of HIV-1, and lower mortality rates …

Objective (s): HTLV-I and HIV virus quantification is an important marker for assessment of
virus activities. Since there is a direct relationship between the number of virus and disease …

Introduction Human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 or 2 (HTLV-1/2) co-infection in patients
infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) can lead to increased morbidity …

Background: HTLV-1/HIV co-infection is known to elevate the CD4+ T-cell counts of
treatment-naïve persons. We investigated whether HTLV-1/HIV co-infected patients …