Human T-cell lymphotropic viruses type 1 and 2 (HTLV1/2) and Human Immunodeficiency
Virus (HIV) co-infections show a worldwide distribution. The prevalence varies according to …

Two distinct families of human retroviruses, the human immunodeficiency viruses (HIVs) and
human T‐lymphotropic viruses (HTLVs), cause significant infections worldwide. The viruses …

Background HTLV-1 is endemic in Guinea-Bissau, and the highest prevalence in the adult
population (5.2%) was observed in a rural area, Caió, in 1990. HIV-1 and HIV-2 are both …

Human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) proviral load (PVL) in peripheral blood
mononuclear cells (PBMCs) is high in patients with adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma or HTLV …

HTLV-1 proviral load (pVL) in peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMCs) is proposed as a
marker of disease progression but its role still remains controversial. The aim of this study …

The primate T-cell lymphoma viruses (PTLV) are divided into six distinct species. The
biology and epidemiology of PTLV-1 and PTLV-2 are very well understood. However, that of …

A quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) assay using SYBR Green dye was established in order
to detect and quantify the proviral DNA of HTLV-1 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells …

HIV/human T cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV) coinfection has a large range of prevalence in
the different risk groups and geographic regions of the world. Most of the HTLV-infected …

The number of HTLV-1 infected persons in the world has recently been estimated to be at
least at 5 to 10 million or perhaps higher due to unavailable data (Gessain and Cassar Front …

Imbalance in the immune response is one of the main pathogenic mechanisms of diseases
related with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/human gammaherpesvirus 8 (HHV‐8) …