Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) guidelines recommend both
long-acting and dual bronchodilator therapy. It is unclear if there are differences in efficacy …

Background Long‐acting bronchodilators such as long‐acting β‐agonist (LABA), long‐
acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA), and LABA/inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) combinations …

Purpose Dual bronchodilator therapy with a long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA) and a
long-acting β 2-agonist (LABA) is recommended in the pharmacological management of …

Guidelines are mainly based on evidence of well-designed randomized controlled trials
(RCTs), but there are limitations to the transferability of conclusions of RCTs to usual care …

Objective The combination of a long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA) and a long-acting
β2-agonist (LABA) in a single inhaler is a viable treatment option for patients with chronic …

Background The wide availability of long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA)/long-acting
β2-agonist (LABA) fixed-dose combinations (FDCs) in the absence of head-to-head …

Rationale: Symptom relief is a key treatment goal in patients with chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease (COPD). However, there are limited data available on the response to …

Background Which patients should receive dual therapy as initial treatment for chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is only loosely defined. We evaluated if a lower …

Dual bronchodilator maintenance therapy may benefit patients with moderate-to-severe
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) versus long-acting muscarinic antagonist …

We performed a meta-analysis to compare the impact of triple combination therapy with
inhaled corticosteroids (ICS), long-acting β2-agonists (LABAs) and long-acting muscarinic …