Importance Severe obesity and its related diseases, such as type 2 diabetes, hypertension,
dyslipidemia, and sleep apnea, are very common in the United States, but currently very few …

ContextAbout 5% of the US population is morbidly obese. This disease remains largely
refractory to diet and drug therapy, but generally responds well to bariatric surgery …

Importance Bariatric surgery is an accepted treatment for obesity. Despite extensive
literature, few studies report long-term follow-up in cohorts with adequate retention rates …

Morbid obesity is recognized as a major public health issue that contributes to serious health
risks. Bariatric surgery has been demonstrated as a successful method of achieving …

Importance Bariatric surgery is beneficial in persons with a body mass index (BMI) of 35 or
greater with obesity-related comorbidities. There is interest in using these procedures in …

Importance The prevalence of obesity and outcomes of bariatric surgery are well
established. However, analyses of the surgery impact have not been updated and …

CONTEXT Use of bariatric surgery for severe obesity has increased dramatically.
OBJECTIVE To systematically review 1. the clinical efficacy and safety, 2. cost-effectiveness …

Importance The clinical evidence base demonstrating bariatric surgery's health benefits is
much larger than it was when the National Institutes of Health last held a consensus panel in …

■ ABSTRACT Patients typically lose more than 50% of their excess weight after bariatric
surgery. Obesity-related diseases markedly improve, reducing cardiovascular risk and …

ABSTRACT Context Over 23 million Americans are afflicted with severe obesity, ie their
body mass index (in kilograms per square meter) values exceed 35. Of even greater …