Extracellular vesicles are produced by species across all domains of life, suggesting that
vesiculation represents a fundamental principle of living matter. In Gram-negative bacteria …

Most bacteria release membrane vesicles (MVs) that contain specific cargo molecules and
have diverse functions, including the transport of virulence factors, DNA transfer, interception …

Although the observation that Gram‐negative bacteria produce outer membrane vesicles
(MVs) was made over 40 years ago, their biological roles have become a focus of study only …

Membrane vesicles (MVs) are nanoparticles composed of lipid membranes that are
produced by both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. MVs have been assigned …

Vesicular transport is a central process in eukaryotes that was believed to be absent in
bacteria. However, as our understanding of the communal and interactive lifestyles of …

Gram-negative bacteria produce outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) that contain biologically
active proteins and perform diverse biological processes. Unlike other secretion …

Outer-membrane vesicles (OMVs) are spherical buds of the outer membrane filled with
periplasmic content and are commonly produced by Gram-negative bacteria. The production …

All Gram-negative bacteria studied to date have been shown to produce outer membrane
vesicles (OMVs), which are budded, released spheres of outer membrane with periplasmic …

Interaction of microbes with their environment depends on features of the dynamic microbial
surface throughout cell growth and division. Surface modifications, whether used to acquire …

Membrane vesicles (MVs) are secreted from a wide range of microbial species and transfer
their content to other cells. Although MVs play critical roles in bacterial communication …