Introduction Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder and the
most common cause of dementia among the elderly population. AD is accompanied with the …

The etiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains elusive. The “amyloid” hypothesis states
that toxic action of accumulated β-amyloid peptide (Aβ) on synaptic function causes AD …

Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) driven processes are involved at multiple stages of
Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathophysiology and disease progression. Biologic TNF-α …

Aggregated amyloid beta (Aβ) peptides are believed to play a decisive role in the pathology
of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Previous evidence suggested that exercise contributes to the …

Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) is a proinflammatory cytokine that is elevated in Alzheimer's
disease (AD) brains. Because TNFα is released from cell membranes by the TNFα …

There is increasing evidence that brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays a crucial
role in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology. A number of studies demonstrated that AD …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by
cognitive and memory deterioration. Production and accumulation of β-amyloid peptide (Aβ) …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is pathologically characterized by accumulation of amyloid β (Aβ)
and hyperphosphorylated tau, and thereby induction of neuronal cell death. The Aβ-induced …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a devastating and progressive neurodegenerative disease and
is characterized pathologically by the accumulation of amyloid beta (Aβ) and the …

In Alzheimer disease (AD), amyloid precursor protein (APP) and production of amyloid beta
(Aβ) which is generated by amyloidogenic pathway is implicated in neurotoxicity and …