Background The smoking epidemic in Australia is characterised by historic levels of
prolonged smoking, heavy smoking, very high levels of long-term cessation, and low current …

Background: Smoking is one of the biggest avoidable causes of morbidity and mortality in
the United Kingdom. This paper quantifies the current health and economic burden of …

Background Tobacco smoking is a major risk factor for many diseases. We sought to
quantify the burden of tobacco-smoking-related deaths in Asia, in parts of which men's …

Background The nationwide effects of smoking on mortality in India have not been assessed
reliably. Methods In a nationally representative sample of 1.1 million homes, we compared …

Cigarette smoking is one of the most important risk factors for burden of disease. Our
objective was to estimate the smoking-attributable deaths and the years of life lost for …

Background Mortality among current smokers is 2 to 3 times as high as that among persons
who never smoked. Most of this excess mortality is believed to be explained by 21 common …

Objective The burden of smoking on six causes of death in women was evaluated using
various novel modelling approaches. Design A prospective US-based nationwide cohort …

In high-income countries, the biggest cause of premature death, defined as death before 70
years, is smoking of manufactured cigarettes. Smoking-related disease was responsible for …

Objective To investigate the impact of smoking on overall mortality and life expectancy in a
large Japanese population, including some who smoked throughout adult life. Design The …

Objectives The purpose of this report is to calculate 1998 smoking attributable mortality
(SAM) and to explore whether SAM estimates have changed from the late 1980s to the late …