During direct development the butterfly Lycaena tityrus was previously found to display sex‐
related reaction norms in response to temperature. Based on selection for protandry in …

Directly developing larvae of the butterfly Lycaena hippothoe sumadiensis exhibited two
growth strategies with one cohort passing four larval instars at high growth rates, and the …

We investigate sexual differences in reaction norms in directly developing individuals of the
copper butterfly Lycaena tityrus predicted from sexual selection theory. As recent studies on …

Protandry, here defined as the earlier emergence of males, is a common feature in life
histories and could be the result of sexual selection on males to maximize matings, or …

Seasonal phenotypic plasticity entails differential trait expression depending on the time of
season. The facultative induction of winter diapause in temperate insects is a developmental …

Protandry is the earlier adult emergence of males than females. This is predicted from
sexual selection theory because, under certain circumstances, earlier emergence of males …

In insects, the length of larval development time typically influences adult body size and
individual fitness, and hence development time can be expected to respond in an adaptive …

Trade‐offs among traits are central to life‐history theory and often closely linked to an
organism's fitness. Understanding how these trade‐offs vary among populations and across …

This paper explores what factors influence size, development time and growth rate in a
polyandrous and bivoltine butterfly, Pieris napi L. In butterflies male/female sexual size …

In the butterfly species L. tityrus, a starvation period of two days during the last larval instar
caused delayed maturation, reduced pupal weight, and increased mortality relative to a …