Group formation is a quite ubiquitous phenomenon across different animal species, whose
individuals cluster together forming communities of diverse size. Previous investigations …

Background It is often assumed that evolution takes place on very large timescales.
Countering this assumption, rapid evolutionary dynamics are increasingly documented in …

Cluster analysis reveals a fractal pattern in the sizes of baboon groups, with peaks at∼
20,∼ 40,∼ 80 and∼ 160. Although all baboon species individually exhibit this pattern, the …

Why do animals form groups? This question has formed the basis of numerous scientific
studies over the last hundred years and still remains a controversial topic. Predation is one …

Group-level events, like fission and extinction, catalyze the evolution of cooperation in group-
structured populations by creating new paths from uncooperative population states to more …

The question of how cooperative groups can evolve and be maintained is fundamental to
understanding the evolution of social behaviour in general, and the major transitions in …

The evolution of populations is influenced by many factors, and the simple classical models
have been developed in a number of important ways. Both population structure and …

Humans cooperate in large groups of unrelated individuals, and many authors have argued
that such cooperation is sustained by contingent reward and punishment. However, such …

Groups in nature can be formed by interactions between individuals, or by external
pressures like predation. It is reasonable to assume that groups formed by internal and …

One of the central puzzles in the study of sociocultural evolution is how and why transitions
from small-scale human groups to large-scale, hierarchically more complex ones occurred …