Despite significant insights into the neural mechanisms of acute placebo responses, less is
known about longer-term placebo responses, such as those seen in clinical trials, or their …

A variable placebo response has been previously described in the multiple sclerosis (MS)
literature and in sham surgical trials involving other patient populations. Conditioning and …

Background Sporadic cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) and cerebral autosomal
dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) share …

Purpose: To evaluate if jugular vein flow restoration in various venographic defects
indicative of chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI) in multiple sclerosis (MS) …

Cognitive impairment in multiple sclerosis is common and affects patients early in the course
of the disease. Cerebral plasticity may limit the effects of CNS tissue damage on cognition …

Importance Chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI) is characterized by
restricted venous outflow from the brain and spinal cord. Whether this condition is …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by neuronal and
synaptic loss, resulting in an imbalance of excitatory and inhibitory synaptic transmission …

One explanation for the weak relationship between neuropsychological deficits and
conventional measures of disease burden in multiple sclerosis is that brain 'plasticity'allows …

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune, demyelinating disease of the central nervous
system. In the early, most common course of the disease there are seemingly random …

Background: Gray matter atrophy has been implicated in the development of secondary
progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS). Cortical function may be assessed by transcranial …