A common dilemma faced by all animal bioethics committees arises when exceptions are
proposed to the use of analgesics in painful procedures. The committee and researcher …

The pig is increasingly popular as a laboratory animal either as the target species in its own
right or as a model for humans in biomedical science. As an intelligent, social animal it has a …

Our ability to assess pain in animals in clinical situations is slowly developing, but remains
very limited. In order to develop appropriate pain scoring schemes, numerous practical …

The use of experimental animals requires anaesthesia to provide immobility and analgesia.
Animals require anaesthesia not only for ethical reasons but also because pain and stress …

Rabbit owners expect a high level of care for their pets but many are reluctant to take
advantage of referral and so general practitioners need to have a thorough understanding of …

This chapter is an overview of analgesia across vertebrates and invertebrates. It discusses a
physiology of pain that can be classified anatomically as somatic or visceral pain, or …