Effective antiretroviral therapy has led to significant human immunodeficiency virus type 1
(HIV-1) suppression and improvement in immune function. However, the persistence of …

Effective antiretroviral therapy has led to significant human immunodeficiency virus type 1
(HIV-1) suppression and improvement in immune function. However, the persistence of …

Autophagy has emerged as an integral part of the antiviral innate immune defenses,
targeting viruses or their components for lysosomal degradation. Thus, successful viruses …

HIV/AIDS is still a global threat despite the notable efforts made by the scientific and health
communities to understand viral infection, to design new drugs or to improve existing ones …

Highlights•HIV inhibits autophagy during permissive infection.•Modulation of autophagy
alters HIV pathogenesis and development of CNS impairment.•The induction of autophagy …

Autophagy is a lysosomal-dependent degradative process essential for maintaining cellular
homeostasis, and is a key player in innate and adaptive immune responses to intracellular …

Autophagy, the major mechanism for degrading long-lived intracellular proteins and
organelles, is essential for eukaryotic cell homeostasis. Autophagy also defends the cell …

Current direct-acting antiviral therapies are highly effective in suppressing HIV-1 replication.
However, mucosal inflammation undermines prophylactic treatment efficacy, and HIV-1 …

Although macroautophagy/autophagy has been proposed as a critical defense mechanism
against HIV-1 by targeting viral components for degradation, its contribution as a catabolic …

The HIV-1 reservoirs harbor the latent proviruses that are integrated into the host genome. It
is a challenging task to eradicate the proviruses in order to achieve an HIV cure. We have …