The relationship between vacant Mn structural sites in birnessites and heavy-metal
adsorption is a current and important research topic. In this study, two series of birnessites …

The oxidation of arsenite (As (III)) by manganese oxide is an important reaction in both the
natural cycling of As and the development of remediation technology for lowering the …

Birnessite is one of the most important manganese oxides that can control the geochemical
behaviors of pollutants or can be applied to form industrial products. Many studies have …

Abstract Birnessite (δ-MnO 2) is the most common manganese (Mn) oxide mineral in soils,
sediments, and ocean manganese nodules, and it significantly affects the speciation and …

The structure and Mn (III) concentration of birnessite dictate its reactivity and can be
changed by birnessite partial reduction, but effects of pH and reductant/birnessite ratios on …

As the dominant manganese oxide mineral phase in terrestrial and aquatic environments,
birnessite plays an important role in many biogeochemical processes. The coexistence of …

Naturally occurring manganese (Mn) oxide, biogenic birnessite ((Na, Ca, K) 0.5 Mn III, IV 2 O
4· 1.5 H 2 O), is involved in the geochemical cycling of variety of metals including arsenic …

Natural birnessite-like minerals are commonly enriched in various transitional metals (TMs),
which greatly modify the mineral structure and properties. However few studies are yet …

Antimony (Sb) is a toxic and carcinogenic element that often enters soil in the form of
antimony trioxide (Sb 2 O 3) and coexists with manganese (Mn) in weakly alkaline …

Na-rich birnessite (NRB) was synthesized by a simple synthesis method and used as a high-
efficiency adsorbent for the removal of ammonium ion (NH 4+) from aqueous solution. In …