BACKGROUND The development of congenital heart disease (CHD) is multifactorial with
genetic and environmental influences. We sought to determine the relationship between …

Background The healthcare burden related to congenital heart disease (CHD) is increasing
with improving survival. We assessed changing trends in prenatal risk factors for CHD in the …

Background: In China, and in Shandong province, the proportionate contribution of birth
defects to infant mortality has increased, and congenital heart disease (CHD) is now the …

Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common congenital abnormality worldwide,
affecting 8 to 12 infants per 1000 births globally and causing> 40% of prenatal deaths …

Congenital heart disease (CHD) has many forms and a wide range of causes. Clinically, it is
important to understand the causes. This allows estimation of recurrence rate, guides …

Congenital heart disease is a significant cause of infant mortality. Epidemiology and social
context play a crucial role in conditioning disease burden and modulating outcomes, while …

Background—This study quantifies the association between maternal medical
conditions/illnesses and congenital heart defects (CHDs) among infants. Methods and …

Background This study aimed to examine the relationships between various maternal
socioeconomic status (SES) indicators and the risk of congenital heart disease (CHD) …

Background: Limited studies have evaluated the risk factors for congenital heart defects
(CHDs) in China and compared them for different types of CHDs. This study examined risk …

Little is known about the relation between socioeconomic factors and health outcomes in
adults and adolescents with congenital heart defects (CHD). Population-level data from the …