The invention of immunotherapy, such as immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) for advanced-
stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), has become a new standard of care for a defined …

Purpose As one of the most effective analgesics, opioids are essential for patients with
cancer-related pain, even in the context of the opioid abuse crisis. The current meta-analysis …

Objective A retrospective clinical study was conducted to compare the prognosis between
the opioid analgesic (OA) treated and OA-untreated groups and to evaluate the effect of …

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) represent one of the most effective
treatments for patients with cancer. As their activity relies on host immune system reactivity …

Background Drug–drug interactions (DDIs) pose new challenges beyond traditional
pharmacodynamics in the context of optimizing the treatment options with immune …

Background The response to immunotherapy can be impaired by several factors including
external intervention such as drug interactions with immune system. We aimed to examine …

Objectives Opioids are often administered for cancer-related pain relief. However, few
reports have evaluated the association between opioids and immune checkpoint inhibitor …

The majority of cancer patients assume concomitant medications for the treatment of cancer-
related symptoms or co-morbidities. As immune checkpoint inhibitors expand in the …

Background It has recently been suggested that concomitant medication may affect the
clinical outcome of patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). However, only …

Although programmed death (PD)‐1 immune checkpoint therapies target the immune
system, the relationship between inflammatory factors and the clinical outcome of anti‐PD‐1 …