LPS inhibits HCO 3− absorption in the medullary thick ascending limb (MTAL) through a Toll-
like receptor 4 (TLR4)-myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88)-extracellular signal …

Monophosphoryl lipid A (MPLA) is a detoxified derivative of LPS that induces tolerance to
LPS and augments host resistance to bacterial infections. Previously, we demonstrated that …

Sepsis is the leading cause of acute kidney injury in critically ill patients. Tumor necrosis
factor-α (TNF-α) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of septic kidney injury; however …

Sepsis is associated with defects in renal tubule function, but the underlying mechanisms
are incompletely understood. Recently, we demonstrated that Gram-negative bacterial …

Sepsis and endotoxemia induce defects in renal tubule function, but the mechanisms are
poorly understood. Recently, we demonstrated that lipopolysaccharide (LPS) inhibits …

Previously we demonstrated that basolateral LPS inhibits HCO 3− absorption in the renal
medullary thick ascending limb (MTAL) through TLR4-dependent ERK activation. Here we …

Metabolic acidosis is the most common acid-base disorder in septic patients and is
associated with increased mortality. Previously, we demonstrated that sepsis induced by …

Bacterial infection and sepsis are associated with renal tubule dysfunction and
dysregulation of systemic electrolyte balance but the underlying mechanisms are …

Binding of bacterial LPS to the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) complex of inner medullary
collecting duct (IMCD) cells plays a central role in recognition of ascending bacterial …

Monophosphoryl lipid A (MPLA) is a TLR4 agonist that is used as an immunomodulator in
human vaccines; additionally, it has been shown to be protective in models of sepsis. As …