Perimenopause is an important stage of female senescence. Epidemiological investigation
has shown that the incidence of cardiovascular disease in premenopausal women is lower …

Vascular inflammation underlies the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerotic
changes in the vasculature lead to conditions such as coronary artery disease and stroke …

Gender differences are present in many diseases and are especially prevalent in
cardiovascular disease. Males tend to suffer from myocardial infarctions earlier than …

Although early studies demonstrated that exogenous estrogen lowered a woman's risk of
cardiovascular disease, recent trials indicate that HRT actually increases the risk of coronary …

BACKGROUND: Estrogens are steroid hormones responsible for the primary and secondary
sexual characteristics in females. While pre-menopausal women use estrogens as the main …

Cardiovascular disease remains a major cause of mortality among postmenopausal women.
After menopause, atherogenesis is promoted by a number of metabolic and vascular …

Cardiovascular diseases are the major causes of illness and death in women.
Premenopausal women are relatively protected from coronary artery disease and …

Although an increased oxidative stress has been associated with several pathologies,
predictive value of circulating oxidative stress biomarkers remains poorly understood. It has …

One of the most significant achievements of the twentieth century is the increase in human
lifespan. In any period studied, females live longer than males. We showed that …

Menopause is associated with changes consistent with cardiovascular aging. The effects of
cardiac disease are multifaceted, affecting endothelial function, coronary artery physiology …