Hypoxia, the decline of tissue oxygen stress, plays a role in mediating cellular processes.
Cardiovascular disease, relatively widespread with increased mortality, is closely correlated …

Insufficient oxygen availability (hypoxia) is a precursor to numerous cardiovascular
diseases, including atherosclerosis, pulmonary hypertension, and heart failure. The main …

The circulatory system distributes blood flow to each tissue and transports oxygen and
nutrients. Peripheral circulation is required to maintain the physiological function in each …

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) accounts for the largest number of deaths worldwide,
necessitating the development of novel treatments and prevention strategies. Given the …

Oxygen is essential for living organisms. Molecular oxygen binds to hemoglobin and is
delivered to every organ in the body. In several cardiovascular diseases or anemia, local …

Abstract Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) is a transcription factor that functions as a master
regulator of oxygen homeostasis. HIF-1 regulates the expressions of the proteins that …

Cardiac function is required for blood circulation and systemic oxygen delivery. However,
the heart has intrinsic oxygen demands that must be met to maintain effective contractility …

The hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) system was discovered as an oxygen-sensitive regulatory
pathway that confers adaptive responses to hypoxia. Novel aspects of this growing network …

Atherosclerosis is a highly prevalent disease that can significantly increase the risk of major
vascular events, such as myocardial or cerebral infarctions. The anoxemia theory states that …

Cardiovascular (CV) diseases are the major cause of death in industrialized countries. The
main function of the CV system is to deliver nutrients and oxygen to all tissues. During most …