… -positive at motor symptom onset) and brain-first PD (RBD-negative at motor symptom onset),
we … in de novo PD patients with cardiac sympathetic denervation measured by 123 I-MIBG …

… from non/early-symptomatic to symptomatic stage, unequivocally … used to detect cardiac
sympathetic denervation in early PD … in PD, and genetic linkage between mutations in the SNCA …

… Brain imaging alterations have been found in LRRK2 mutation carriers. … documented in
symptomatic and asymptomatic LRRK2 carriers compared to … E46K asymptomatic carriers (81). …

… bodies, and 5 E46K-SNCA mutation carriers] and 22 healthy … clinical measures, autonomic
symptom assessment with the … ] and 5 E46K-SNCA symptomatic mutation carriers) through …

… asymptomatic carriers of genetic mutations. In this perspective, the … E46K missense mutations
induce early-onset parkinsonism … hypotension and myocardial sympathetic denervation are …

… mutations listed above, of six carriers with the E46K mutation … and one of two asymptomatic
carriers had an abnormal scan (… , that the cardiac sympathetic denervation predate the onset …

… ɑ-Synuclein (ɑ-syn, encoded by the SNCA gene) is a major component of LBs, and SNCA
missense mutations or duplications/triplications are causal for rare hereditary forms of PD. …

Misfolding and aggregation of the synaptic protein alpha-synuclein (αsyn) is, at present,
considered one of the main drivers of the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease (PD). PD is a …

… One symptom of the disease has not been fully recognized … not patients with the α-synuclein
E46K mutation (144, 145). … in asymptomatic carriers of the Huntington disease gene were …

… It is a heterogeneous disease caused by the complex interactions between genetic and
environmental risk factors. The cardinal motor features of PD include a resting tremor, …