… did not account for the effect of other factors such smoking, diabetes mellitus, etc that can
also affect arterial load indices. We measured LVMI using 2-dimensional echocardiography …

… effects of acute alterations of afterload on the LA. On the other hand, acute changes in systemic
blood pressure (… Conventional pulsed wave Doppler echocardiogram of the transmitral …

… afterload determination using cuff blood pressure and … 2DE, Doppler, and three-dimensional
echocardiographic studies … of the systolic blood pressure faced by the left ventricle at the …

… echocardiography (TTE) especially in the evaluation valvular disease. A single timepoint blood
pressure (BP) may not accurately reflect the afterload … [4], and left sided valve diseases [5]…

… response of the left ventricle to an afterload challenge in … We acquire echocardiographic
imaging 30s after starting the … obtain continuous blood pressure monitoring during the afterload …

… Doppler measures were obtained using standard techniques outlined by the American Society
of Echocardiography. … to true afterload to the heart as we know that the arterial pressure at …

… Hypertension was defined as a systolic blood pressure (SBP… diastolic blood pressure (DBP)
of 90 mmHg or greater measured … and echocardiographic measurements and blood sample …

… hypertension increases the afterload against which the left … measures missing in 181 (19%)
and tissue Doppler only … sizes of the echocardiographic indexes with blood pressure for a 1‐…

… measured by trans-esophageal Doppler and invasive blood … The transthoracic
echocardiography was performed … Aortic velocity was measured with the left ventricular outflow …

… Doppler echocardiography is an ideal noninvasive investigation for diagnosing raised left
atrial pressure … The fall in LV pre-and afterload results in consequent drop in LA pressure and …