… of abstinence in smoking cessation clinical trials is critical to … understand the impact of various
products on abstinence rates. It … of abstinence for smoking cessation trials focus on tobacco …

… to determine whether the benefits of biochemical verification … who have quit smoking is a
critical smoking cessation clinical … Finally, we review biomarkers of noncombusted tobacco …

… reviews of tobacco cessation interventions and randomized clinical trials that evaluated the
effects of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes… Independent critical appraisal and data abstraction…

… critically assess the methodological characteristics and quality of interventional clinical trials
investigating the effects of heated tobacco … conventional cigarettes and smoking abstinence. …

… Among individuals attempting to quit smoking, abstinence for a … review concluded that
evidence was insufficient to evaluate the balance of benefits and risks of e-cigarettes for smoking …

… that seem to be crucial in this setting; in fact, as compared with the widely approved NRT,
e-… to dual users is likely to promote successful abstinence from both smoking and vaping. …

… is no systematic review to examine the evidence on the effect of … We systematically searched,
summarized, and critically … abstinence outcomes and SAEs, this systematic review also …

… critical period of development, the neuromodulatory and neurotoxic effects of nicotine may
more profoundly impact … Latency to immobility (24-hour abstinence)- no effect of nicotine for …

… tobacco cessation and abstinence are recommended in this review as a sure measure to
mitigate against the deleterious impacts caused by cigarette smoking and tobacco abuse. …

… , and abstinence-related neural adaptations in nicotine addiction, in the adolescent brain.
Further, we discuss … of nicotine use on the adolescent brain is critical to treating and preventing …