… the impacts of oral exposure to TiO 2 on the microbiota-immune … the effects of these inorganic
NPs to dysbiosis and intestinal … of the intestinal epithelium, the gut-associated lymphoid …

… tract and impose pressure to determine the species of gut flora to further promote HFD-induced
obesity. In this study, we investigated the disruptive effects of oral intake of TiO2-NPs (30 …

… oral exposure to the studied micro-/nanoparticles significantly reduced the thickness of mucus
in the small intestines of … the effects of three varieties of food-grade micro-/nanoparticles in …

… oral administration for 90 days. Additionally, the biodistribution of titanium (Ti) and effects of
TiO 2 NPs on gut microbiota … to elucidating the potential adverse effects of food-related TiO 2 …

… NPs, titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ), silver (Ag) and silicon dioxide (… as food supplements, such
as zinc oxide (ZnO), given that … gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) shape the microbiota …

… of “microbiota revolution”, potential health risks of TiO 2 NPs and their impact on the intestinal
tract and the gut microbiota are increasingly being studied. Gut microbiota is composed of …

… barrier are very important for intestinal health. In this study, the toxic effects of foodborne
TiO 2 micro−/nanoparticles on the intestines via oral exposure were evaluated from the …

… the gut-liver axis. This review examines the gut-liver axis to assess the effects of gut microbiota
dysbiosis on the liver to provide suggestions for assessing the gut-hepatotoxicity of TiO 2 …

… of intestinal bacteria and cause osmotic stress under dark conditions [33]. Alterations of gut
microbiota … Table 1 Physicochemical properties of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO 2 NPs) …

… We found that long-term oral exposure to dietary NPs at doses relevant for estimated
human intakes disrupts the GM composition and function. These modifications did not appear …