… We defined a subtype as a group of viruses with a specific … viral lineages, clusters, and
clades from 1996 through 2009. … pNGS did not affect viral reaction to the A/Texas/50/2012(H3N2) …

… by H1N1 in 2009–2010. In addition, the number of events for … than 10 events were reported
only from South Africa, Italy and … By observing changes in influenza virus subtypes over time …

… Refaey S, Amin M, Labib M, Kandeel A: Influenza virus positivity and circulating subtypes
among … -like illness in a population with a high HIV sero-prevalence, South Africa 2012-2015. …

… information on human influenza virus epidemiology in each of … 3a A(H3N2) virus between
2012-2015.Within this same period… changed after the Influenza A (H1N1) 2009 pandemic with …

… influenza research in recent years (4–10). However, after the … that matched the epidemiologic
patterns for influenza in the … by influenza virus type and subtype since the 2009 pandemic. …

… frequency of intra-subtype reassortment events, 12 · 4 per … , and the 2009-H1N1 (H1N1pdm09)
swine flu resulted from … both the samples and patient epidemiological data. GN analysed …

… The study adopted the WHO case definition for influenza-like illness (ILI) [10]. This was …
A/ H1N1 subtype predominated. The emergence of subtype A/H1N1/pdm 2009 resulted in …

… of viral types and subtypes, we found that subtype A(H1N1)pdm09 was the most frequent
strain in 2009, 2012, … influenza virus circulates in a sequence of A(H1N1)pdm09-BA(H3N2)-A(…

… 2009 influenza pandemic, laboratory diagnostics were more widely used particularly among
inpatients, although it can be difficult to interpret incidence … influenza virus-type and subtype-…

… South African 2021 influenza viruses was available for 34 A(… Among the influenza A infections
for which a subtype could … GISAID on the 10 February 2022. Genetic characterisation of …