… , as well as growth variables of beech seedlings on the skid … soil compaction caused by the
forestry machinery traffic … ) by ground-based skidding, in fact the wheeled winch skidder is the …

… and machine traffic showed clear soil disturbance, resulting … in the ground-based extraction
via skidder in comparison to … carried out in Iran on oriental beech stands reported an average …

… Five years after a ground-based skidding operation in the … surface soil were found to be
destroyed after machine traffic on … on the skid trails (between two skidder tires on each skid trail) …

… increased with greater traffic intensity for all skidder types and … ground-based skidders may
also cause serious damage to forest … operations in a mountain forest in Iran. (a) rubber-tired …

… operations in mountain forests in Iran. (a) rubber-tired … related to the traffic intensity and
to changes in skid trail slope as … In this study, a TAF E655 skidder with its narrower tires and …

… Jaafari A, Naja A, Zenner E (2014) Ground-based skidder tra c changes chemical soil
properties in a mountainous Oriental beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky) forest in Iran. J …

… in mountainous forested regions [38]. … skidder passes and slope on soil disturbance in two
soil water contents” [65], “Effects of ground-based skidding on soil physical properties in skid …

… High traffic intensity (H3) and slope classes of 20 - 30% (C3) in … of soil chemical properties
is longer than biological and physical properties, so that complete recovery of these properties …

… expected from ground-based extraction systems (skidders) and … Compacted soil layers due
to forest machine traffic are the … also confirmed that rolling rocks in hilly areas can be a reason …

… the northern slopes of the Alborz mountain range, with an area … using a Timberjack 450C
wheeled skidder in June 2015, which … that ground-based skidding operations increase soil bulk …