Practical and General Alcohol Deoxygenation Protocol

OP Williams, AF Chmiel, M Mikhael… - Angewandte Chemie …, 2023 - Wiley Online Library
OP Williams, AF Chmiel, M Mikhael, DM Bates, CS Yeung, ZK Wickens
Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 2023Wiley Online Library
Herein, we describe a practical protocol for the removal of alcohol functional groups through
reductive cleavage of their benzoate ester analogs. This transformation requires a strong
single electron transfer (SET) reductant and a means to accelerate slow fragmentation
following substrate reduction. To accomplish this, we developed a photocatalytic system that
generates a potent reductant from formate salts alongside Brønsted or Lewis acids that
promote fragmentation of the reduced intermediate. This deoxygenation procedure is …
Abstract
Herein, we describe a practical protocol for the removal of alcohol functional groups through reductive cleavage of their benzoate ester analogs. This transformation requires a strong single electron transfer (SET) reductant and a means to accelerate slow fragmentation following substrate reduction. To accomplish this, we developed a photocatalytic system that generates a potent reductant from formate salts alongside Brønsted or Lewis acids that promote fragmentation of the reduced intermediate. This deoxygenation procedure is effective across structurally and electronically diverse alcohols and enables a variety of difficult net transformations. This protocol requires no precautions to exclude air or moisture and remains efficient on multigram scale. Finally, the system can be adapted to a one‐pot benzoylation‐deoxygenation sequence to enable direct alcohol deletion. Mechanistic studies validate that the role of acidic additives is to promote the key C(sp3)−O bond fragmentation step.
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